Smoke-prevention apparatus for furnaces.



W. WILUAMS.

SMOKE PREVENTION APPARATUS FOR FURNACES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.4. 1913.

Patented July 27,1915.

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SMOKE-PREVENTION APPARATUS FOR. FURNACES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 27, 1915.

Application filed November 4, 1913. Serial No. 799,191.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM WILLIAMS, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident in the postal district of Forest Lodge, a division of the posttown of Globe, a suburb of the city of Syd ney, in the State of New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, (whose postofiice address is 197 St. Johns road, in the said postal district of Forest Lodge,) have invented new and useful Improvements Relating to Smoke-Prevention Apparatus for Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the abatement of the smoke nuisance.

Hitherto many attempts have been made to cause perfect combustion and prevent smoke arising from furnaces. Expensive and complicated appliances have often been employed in this connection with unsatisfactory results.

The object of the invention is to prevent smoke arising from the fire of a furnace in a simple, inexpensive and positive manner.

The invention consists of but few parts, is not liable to derangement, effects an economy in fuel, may be easily fitted to a furnace in a minimum of time without alteration thereto and does not require careful or constant attention. The invention may be applied with equal facility to horizontal or vertical boilers and although primarily intended for use with the furnaces of steam boilers is not limited thereto.

Referring to the drawings which form part of this specification. Figure 1 is a detail perspective view showing a general assembly of one form of this apparatus. Fig. 2 is a part sectional view of'a portion of this invention showing a steam pipe, a mixing and injecting device and an oil tank in communication therewith. Portions have been broken away for convenience of illustration. Fig. 8 is a plan of distribution branches employed with the furnace of a horizontal boiler, portions being broken away for con venience of illustration. Fig. 4 is a part sectional perspective view of a portion of a combined closure, jet adjuster and choke cutter which may be used with a distribu tion branch. Fig. 5 is a sectional detail view of a portion of the combined closure, jet adjuster and choke cutter. A saddle has been turned upon the distribution branch to close holes therein. Fig. 6 is a cross sec tion of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the front of a horizontal boiler with this invention applied thereto.

The invention will, for convenience, be herein described as applied to a steam boiler 2 having a fire box 3 provided with fire bars 4: of any ordinary nature. Within the ash pit 5, below the bars 4, longitudinal bearers 6 may be provided to support distributing branches hereinafter mentioned.

The invention includes a steam pipe having an upper or boiler end 8, upon which'is a control valve 9. Secured to the lower end 10 is a mixing and injecting device. This may be connected to the said lower end'lO by a union 11 and includes a nipple 12 having a flange 13. Bearing upon the flange 13 is a nut 14 threaded to the upper end 15 of a shell 16. Formed in the shell 16 is an upper tapered hole communicating with a spherical chamber 17 Passing from the spherical chamber 17 is a lower tapered hole indicated at 18. The upper and lower holes are both tapered or converge toward the spherical chamber. Integral with the shell 16 and communicating with the chamber 17 is an oil and air inlet branch 19 having at its upper end a flared mouth 20. Extending across the flared mouth 20 are bridging ribs 21 united by a central boss 22. Within the upper tapered hole of the shell 16 is a hollow cone having an enlarged end 23 provided with a flange 24:. The reduced end 25 of the cone passes through the chamber 17 to the tapered hole 18. Passing from the shell 16 and communicating with the hole 18 is a mixture inlet pipe 7.

When the invention is applied to a horizontal boiler, a front pipe 26 is employed which passes into the ash pit of the boiler, beneath the fire bars. The outer end of the pipe 26 is in communication with the mixture inlet pipe 7. Threaded or otherwise secured to the inner end of the front pipe 26 is a cross piece 27. Threaded or otherwise secured to the cross piece 27 is arear pipe 28 having threaded or otherwise secured thereto a T piece "29. Threaded into or otherwise secured to the cross piece 27 and T piece 29 and extending transversely be neath the fire bars of the boiler are distributing branches 30 each provided with an end cap 31. Any number of branches may be employed, and the front pipe 26 and rear pipe 28 may be disposed where desired and need not be necessarily central in the ash pit Formed in each distributing branch 30 is a series of holes 32.

A combined closure, jet adjuster and choke cutter may be used with each distributing branch to prevent the hole 32 becoming choked with ashes or the like when a fire is being lighted, when steam is being raised or when the fire is banked. The closure, adjuster and cutter consists of a saddle 3A having therein a series of holes 35 corresponding with the holes 32 in the distributing branch supporting it. Integral with one end of the saddle is a lever extension 36. Pivoted to the lever extension is the inner endof a link 37 the outer end of which projects from the ash pit to or adjacent the foot plate of the boiler.

With the foregoing is used an oil reservoir 38 provided with a gage 39. Upon the reservoir is situated a tap 40 passing from which is theupper end 41 of a delivery pipe 42, the lower end 43 of which passes into the boss 22.

With this invention upon the fire being ignited in the fire box 3 steam is raised in the boiler above the same should a steam plant be employed. The valve 9 upon the steam pipe is opened. The tap 40 of the oil reservoir 38 is also opened. The quantity of oil passing to the mixing and inject ing device may be observed by glancing into the flared mouth 20 of the branch 19 of the shell 16. The steam passes from the boiler through the hollow cone of the mixing and injecting device into thetapered hole 18 thereof. As the steam passes through the shell 16 the oil from the reservoir 38 is drawn into the spherical chamber 17. Air is also drawn through the flared the fire bars.

' mouth 20 of the branch 19 and mixeswith the oil during its passage through the branch 19. The mixture of air, oil and steam passes through the inlet pipe 7 and enters the front pipe 26 and distributing branches 30 within the fire box 3, beneath the fire bars A. The mixture is forced by the pressure of steam through the holes 32 of the distributing branches 30 and passes upwardly between In practice it has been found that by employing a crude ormineral oil, such as kerosene, nosmoke arises from the fire of the furnace. The invention may be applied to any type of furnace and the steam pipe is not limited to connection with the boiler of a steam plant. Should the'invention be applied to a type of furnace wherein no steam boiler is used, a special boiler may,

if necessary, be employed or the steam may be supplied from any suitable source.

While the steam is being raised, fires lighted or when a fire is banked, ashes may fall into the holes 32. There being no blast emitted from the distributing branches 30 the holes may become choked. To obviate this difficulty the combined closure, jet adjuster and choke cutter may be employed. It is obvious that by operation of the link 37, a saddle 34; may be turned in relation to the distributing branch 30 by which it is supported. The holes 35 of the saddle are then moved from the holes 32 of the branch, the holes 32 being then closed by means of the saddle. It is apparent that the movement of the saddle will pulverize any material in the holes, so that upon the said holes being re-alined and mixture admitted to the distribution branches the pressure will immediately clear the choke. By movement of the saddle, further, the area of the holes or size of the jets of mixture discharged may be varied to suit circumstances.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a device of the class described including a furnace provided with grate bars, perforated tubes located beneath the grate bars, means for supplying a mixture of steam, air and oil thereinto, a combination closure jet adjuster and choke cutter provided with passages registerable with the perforations of the tubes engaging and revoluble on the perforated tubes, an arm secured to the combination closure and a link connected with the arm and extending outside the furnace.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a furnace provided with grate bars, perforated tubes located beneath the grate bars, means including a steam inlet nozzle, a pipe open to the atmosphere, and an oil feed pipe for supplying a mixture of steam, air and oil to the tubes, a combination closure jet adjuster and choke cutter provided with passages registerable with the perforations in the tubes engaging and revoluble on the perforated tubes, and means extending outside the furnace for operating the closure jet adjuster and choke cutter.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

A. R. BLUETT, PERCY INDER.

' Copies of this patent mav be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. O. 

